1. Kwasfa itace.Akwai albarkatun kasa da yawa, kuma ana amfani da itace azaman albarkatun ƙasa anan, wanda yake da inganci.Ana sanya itacen da ake yin takarda a cikin abin nadi kuma a cire bawon.
2. Yanke.Saka itacen da aka baje a cikin guntu.
3. Yin tururi da tsinke itace.Ciyar da guntun itace a cikin narkewa.
4. Sa'an nan a yi amfani da ruwa mai tsafta mai yawa don wanke ɓangaren litattafan almara, da kuma cire ɓawon burodi, kulli, duwatsu da yashi a cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara ta hanyar nunawa da tsarkakewa.
5. Dangane da buƙatun nau'in takarda, yi amfani da bleach don bleach ɗin ɓangaren litattafan almara zuwa farin da ake buƙata, sannan a yi amfani da kayan bugun tsiya.
Ana ciyar da ɓangaren litattafan almara a cikin injin takarda.A cikin wannan mataki, za a cire wani ɓangare na danshin daga ɓangaren litattafan almara kuma zai zama bel ɗin ɓangaren litattafan almara, kuma za a yi amfani da zaren da ke cikinsa a hankali tare da abin nadi.
6. Danshi extrusion.Batun yana motsawa tare da kintinkiri, yana cire ruwa, kuma ya zama mai yawa.
7. Guga.Nadi mai santsi zai iya ƙera saman takardar zuwa wuri mai santsi.
8. Yankewa.Sanya takarda a cikin injin kuma yanke shi zuwa daidaitaccen girman.
Ƙa'idar yin takarda:
Samar da takarda ya kasu kashi biyu na asali matakai: pulping da takarda.Pulping shine a yi amfani da hanyoyin inji, hanyoyin sinadarai, ko haɗin hanyoyin biyu don raba albarkatun fiber shuka zuwa ɓangaren litattafan almara na halitta ko ɓangaren litattafan almara.Yin takarda shine tsarin haɗa filayen ɓangaren litattafan almara da aka dakatar a cikin ruwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban zuwa zanen takarda waɗanda suka cika buƙatu daban-daban.
A kasar Sin, ana danganta kirkirar takarda da eunuch Cai Lun na daular Han (kimanin 105 AD; bayanin editan kasar Sin: binciken tarihi na baya-bayan nan ya nuna cewa dole ne a ciyar da wannan lokaci gaba).Takarda a wancan lokacin ana yin ta ne daga saiwar bamboo, gyale, hemp, da dai sauransu. Aikin masana'anta ya kunshi busa, tafasawa, tacewa, da yada ragowar ya bushe a rana.Kera da amfani da takarda a hankali ya bazu zuwa arewa maso yamma tare da ayyukan kasuwanci na hanyar siliki.A shekara ta 793 miladiyya, an gina wani injin sarrafa takarda a Bagadaza na kasar Farisa.Daga nan kuma harka takarda ta yadu zuwa kasashen Larabawa, daga farko zuwa Damascus, sannan zuwa Masar da Maroko, daga karshe kuma zuwa Exerovia na kasar Spain.A cikin 1150 AD, Moors sun gina masana'antar takarda ta farko ta Turai.Daga baya, an kafa masana'antar takarda a Horantes, Faransa a shekara ta 1189, a Vabreano, Italiya a 1260, da kuma Jamus a 1389. Bayan haka, akwai wani ɗan kasuwa a London a Ingila mai suna John Tent wanda ya fara yin takarda a shekara ta 1498 a zamanin Sarki. Henry II.A cikin karni na 19, takarda da aka yi daga tsummoki da tsire-tsire an maye gurbinsu da takarda da aka yi daga ɓangaren litattafan almara.
Ana iya sanin daga abubuwan da aka gano cewa takarda ta farko an yi ta da hemp.Tsarin masana'antu yana da kusan kamar haka: retting, wato, jiƙa hemp a cikin ruwa don lalata shi;sannan sarrafa hemp a cikin igiyoyin hemp;sannan a bubbuga igiyoyin hemp, wanda kuma aka sani da duka, don tarwatsa zaren hemp;daga karshe kuma, kifin takarda, wato Fishing fishing din daidai gwargwado akan tabarmar bamboo da aka jika da ruwa, sannan a fitar da ita a bushe ta zama takarda.
Wannan tsari yana da kama da tsarin flocculation, yana nuna cewa tsarin yin takarda ya samo asali ne daga hanyar flocculation.Tabbas, takarda ta farko har yanzu tana da wahala sosai.Fiber na hemp ba a buga shi da kyau ba, kuma fiber ɗin ba a rarraba ba daidai ba lokacin da aka yi shi cikin takarda.Don haka, ba abu mai sauƙi ba ne a rubuta a kai, kuma an yi amfani da shi ne kawai don tattara abubuwa.
Amma dai saboda bayyanarsa ne takardar farko ta duniya ta haifar da juyin juya hali a cikin kayan rubutu.A cikin wannan juyin juya halin kayan rubutu, Cai Lun ya bar sunansa a tarihi tare da gagarumar gudunmawar da ya bayar.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-13-2023