Mitundu ya Mikanda Yopangidwa ndi Drywall: Chitsulo, PVC ndi Pepala (ndipo pomwe iliyonse imalephera)
Funsani ogwira ntchito atatu odziwa bwino ntchito kuti ndi mkanda uti wa pakona wabwino kwambiri ndipo mudzapeza mayankho atatu odalirika. Sizikutanthauza kuti zinthuzo ndi zabwino mofanana pa chilichonse. Chifukwa chakuti kufananiza kwambiri sikumayankha funso loyamba: kodi mukuyika mkanda wolimba kapena tepi yosinthasintha? Yankhani zimenezo, ndipo chisankho cha zinthu nthawi zambiri chimadzipangira chokha.
Yambani ndi njira zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pogawa malangizo ambiri: mkanda kapena tepi
Pafupifupi nkhani iliyonse yokhudza nkhaniyi imalemba zinthu — zitsulo, vinilu, zooneka ngati pepala — ndipo sitchulapo kuti zinthuzo zimabwera m'njira ziwiri zosiyana kwambiri.
A mkanda wolimba wa pakonandi mawonekedwe opangidwa kale. Amasunga ngodya yake yokha, ndipo amamangiriridwa ndi makina: kukhomedwa, kukulungidwa, kulumikizidwa kapena kupindidwa kudzera mu flanges zake kupita ku bolodi ndi chimango.tepi ya pakonandi chinthu chopangidwa mwathyathyathya, chodzaza ndi mipiringidzo chomwe chimapindidwa pakati pake ndikuyikidwa mu cholumikizira cholumikizira. Palibe zomangira mkati mwake konse.
Kusiyana kumeneko kwa kulumikizidwa kumayendetsa pafupifupi chilichonse chomwe chikutsatira.
Mkanda womangiriridwa ndi makina umagwiridwa ndi zomangira zomwe zimapita mu chimango. Chimangocho chimayenda — chimauma, chimachepa ndipo chimasuntha motsatira nyengo — ndipo chikatero, zomangirazo zimatha kukankhidwira kunja, kutenga mphete ya chophatikizana. Imeneyo ndiyo njira yomwe imayambitsa madandaulo awiri ofala kwambiri pakona: ming'alu ya tsitsi yomwe ikuyenda motsatira flange ya mkanda, ndi mitu ya misomali kapena zomangira zomwe zimadutsa pamwamba pake.
Kona yolumikizidwa ndi tepi imalumikizidwa kumaso kwa bolodi ndi chosakaniza m'malo mwake. Palibe chomangira chomwe chiyenera kukankhidwira kunja, ndichifukwa chake zinthu zopangidwa ndi pepala zimafotokozedwa kuti zimachotsa ming'alu ya pakona, ming'alu ya m'mphepete ndi ma misomali.
Kapangidwe kameneka kamakhala ndi ubwino wachiwiri: kamayikidwa m'mipukutu ndipo kamadulidwa kutalika komwe mukufuna, zomwe zimachepetsa kudula ndi kunyamula zinyalala poyerekeza ndi kutalika kolimba. Wogulitsa wina wa tepi yachitsulo yozungulira anafotokoza kuti ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kuposa mkanda wachitsulo wachikhalidwe pachifukwa ichi. Zinthu zozungulira nazonso, mwachibadwa, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakona amkati ndi akunja - mumazipinda mwanjira ina.
Njira ziwiri zotetezera ngodya: mbiri yolimba yokhazikika ndi zomangira, ndi tepi yodzaza ndi zomangira yokhazikika mu chophatikizana. Chithunzi chokha, osati chithunzi cha chinthu. Njira ziwiri zotetezera ngodya: mbiri yolimba yokhazikika ndi zomangira, ndi tepi yodzaza ndi zomangira yokhazikika mu chophatikizana. Chithunzi chokha, osati chithunzi cha chinthu.
Choncho musanayerekezere zipangizo, sankhani mtundu wa ntchito yanu yoyenera: mawonekedwe olimba omwe mukufuna kulunjika kwambiri komanso kukana kugwedezeka ndipo mukufuna kumangirira, kapena tepi yokulungidwa komwe mukufuna kuphimba ngodya zamkati ndi zakunja ndi chinthu chimodzi ndikuletsa zomangira kuti zisafike kumapeto.
Mabanja atatu ofunikira mwachidule
| Banja | Kodi ndi chiyani | Kumene imapeza ndalama zake | Momwe zimakhalira kulephera | Mtengo wake |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chitsulo | Zingwe zolimbitsa zachitsulo cholimba kapena aluminiyamu, zophatikizidwa ndi gawo loyang'ana | Makona akunja omwe ayenera kukhala owongoka ndi kumenyedwa; misewu yokhala ndi magalimoto ambiri | Dzimbiri ngati chophimbacho chasweka ndipo chinyezi chikupitirira; mabowo akakhudzidwa mwamphamvu; ming'alu ya m'mphepete ndi misomali imatuluka ikamangidwa | Mtengo wokwera wa zinthu; mawonekedwe ozungulira amachepetsa zinyalala chifukwa mumadula zomwe mukufuna zokha |
| PVC | Mbiri ya PVC yotulutsidwa, nthawi zambiri yokhala ndi mapiko a maukonde kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pamodzi | Malo onyowa ndi chinyezi; stucco, plaster ndi makina osinthidwa a stucco; ntchito yotsika mtengo | Cholimba pang'ono kuposa chitsulo; chimatha kusokonekera pakatentha kwambiri | Amafotokozedwa kuti ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mikanda yachitsulo kapena ya fiberglass |
| Wokhala ndi nkhope ya pepala | Chitsulo kapena pakati pa chitsulo cholimba cholumikizidwa ku pepala, chophatikizidwa mu chophatikizana | Mkati mwa ngodya ndi zipinda zofunika kwambiri; kulikonse komwe mukufuna kuchotsa zomangira | Kuyang'ana papepala si chisankho cholakwika pamene chinyezi chimakhala chokhazikika; si chisankho cha kugunda kwambiri | Mtengo wa zinthu umachepetsedwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochepa komanso kutsika kwa mtengo womaliza. |
Kulimbitsa ngodya yachitsulo: pamene mzere uyenera kukhala wowongoka
Zipangizo zomangira zitsulo zimaphatikiza zitsulo zolimbitsa ndi gawo loyang'ana. Apa muyenera kudziwa chinthu chimodzi choyamba:Chigawo choyang'ana chikupezeka m'mitundu yoposa imodzi.Zolemba za kampani yanu zimaifotokoza ngati pepala komanso ngati fiberglass mesh, ndipo mitundu yonse iwiri imagulitsidwa. Mbali yake si yokongola - imatsimikizira momwe chinthucho chimagwirira ntchito mu cholumikizira, momwe chimakhalira m'mphepete komanso momwe chimachitira pansi pa mchenga. Tsimikizirani mtundu womwe mukupatsidwa musanayitanitse.
Chitsulo chomwe chimakugulirani ndi kulimba kwake komanso kukana kugwedezeka. Mabuku azinthu zomwe zalembedwa amachitcha kuti ndi cholimba kwambiri komanso chimagwira bwino ntchito, chimawongolera ngodya za makoma bwino komanso chimateteza kusokonekera, kusweka ndi kuwonongeka kwa kugundana. Ngati ngodya yomwe ikukambidwayo ili mu khonde, masitepe, garaja kapena kulikonse komwe magalimoto, zida ndi mipando zingapezeke, imeneyo ndi malo omwe mukugula.
Momwe imalepherera ndi chimodzimodzi. Zinthu zopangidwa ndi chitsulo zimafotokozedwa kuti zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakona amkati ndi akunja, koma chitsulocho chimakhala cholimba monga momwe chimaphimbira: chimaphwanya zinc wosanjikiza panthawi yodula kapena kuyika, kuwonjezera chinyezi chosalekeza, ndipo dzimbiri lidzatuluka mu utoto. Kugundana kolimba komanso kolimba kumatha kuwononga mphuno yachitsulo. Ndipo pamene chinthucho chimamangiriridwa ndi makina, kusweka kwa zomangira ndi misomali zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa zimakhalabe patebulo.
Kapangidwe kokulungidwa kamayankha zina mwa izi: dulani kutalika komwe mukufuna, pindani pakati, ikani mu cholumikizira, ndipo musalumikizane pakona - kukulungika kumawononga kusalala.
Kuti mudziwe tepi yachitsulo yozungulira yokhala ndi zofunikira komanso tsatanetsatane wa kulongedza, onanitepi ya ngodya yachitsulo tsamba lazinthu.
Mkanda wa kona wa PVC: pamene chinyezi chimaletsa chitsulo
Mkanda wa PVC wa kona ulipo kuti uchotse dzimbiri lonse mu equation. Umagwira ntchito yoteteza dzimbiri komanso wotetezeka ku chinyezi, ndipo ndi wosavuta kudula ndikuyika. Ulinso pamalo a stucco, plaster ndi stucco systems zosinthidwa, osati drywall yokha - chinthu chofunikira kudziwa ngati polojekiti yanu imagwira ntchito zonse ziwiri zomaliza pakhoma.
Kusinthana kumeneku ndi kukhudzidwa. PVC si yolimba kwambiri kuposa chitsulo, kotero kumenyedwa komwe kungawononge chitsulo kungathe kuchidula, ndipo mawonekedwe ake sapereka chithandizo chokwanira ku mphuno ya ngodya. Kutenthedwa kosatha ndi chinthu china chomwe tiyenera kuganizira: PVC ndi thermoplastic, kotero imafewa ndikuyenda komwe chitsulo sichingasunthe. Limenelo ndi funso la kapangidwe ka ma atriums owunikira dzuwa ndi magwero ozungulira kutentha, ndi funso la code pa ma assemblies omwe amafunikira zinthu zosayaka - zomwe nkhaniyi singayankhe pa udindo wanu.
Kumene PVC imapambana ndi kuphatikiza malo onyowa ndi bajeti. Mabuku omwewo amafotokoza kuti ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa mikanda yachitsulo kapena fiberglass pomwe imakhalabe yolimba komanso yolimba, ndipo imaitcha chisankho chanzeru kwambiri pamapulojekiti akuluakulu okhala ndi mabizinesi. Pantchito yokhala ndi ngodya zambiri m'zimbudzi, pansi pa nyumba ndi malo ogwirira ntchito, masamu amenewo ndi ofunika kwambiri kuposa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya ngodya iliyonse.
Pa ma assemblies omwe ali ndi moto, musaganize. Ngati chowonjezera choyaka moto chikuloledwa kutengera kapangidwe ka assemblies ndi akuluakulu omwe ali ndi ulamuliro, choncho chiganizeni ngati funso la zomwe polojekitiyi ikufuna, osati nkhani yokhudza zinthu zofunika.
OnaniTsamba lazinthu za PVC pakonakuti mupeze ma profiles omwe alipo.
Mkanda wa pakona wooneka ngati pepala: pamene mapeto afika poyamba
Mkanda wa pakona wokhala ndi nkhope ya pepala umalumikiza pakati pa chitsulo cholimba kwambiri ndi pepala lolimba. Mbali yake yaikulu ndi momwe umagwirira ntchito popanda: palibe misomali, palibe zomangira, palibe zomangira, kapena ziphuphu. Umalowa mu cholumikizira, ndipo ndiyo njira yonse yokonzera.
Zina zonse zimachokera pamenepo. Popanda chomangira chomwe chimayikidwa mu chimango, palibe chomangira chomwe chingakankhire kunja chimangocho chikamauma ndikusuntha - chomwe ndi njira yomwe mabuku azinthu amalozera akamafotokoza pochotsa ming'alu yamakona, ming'alu ya m'mphepete ndi ma misomali. Chimachepetsanso kugwiritsa ntchito ma connection compound ndikuchotsa nthawi imodzi yomaliza, ndipo sichidzawonongeka ndi kupukutidwa. Kwa ogwira ntchito, ndalama zomwe zimasungidwa zimakhala mu ntchito ndi zinthu, osati mu bead yokha.
Mkangano womaliza ndi weniweni koma wocheperapo kuposa momwe malonda amasonyezera nthawi zambiri. Mkanda wokhala ndi nkhope ya pepala umafotokozedwa kuti umapezeka m'lifupi mosiyanasiyana kuti ugwirizane ndi ntchito zambiri za pakhoma, zomwe ndizofunikira chifukwa flange iyenera kulowa pakhoma popanda kusiya phiri. Chomwe sichichita ndi kupanga ngodya yosagwedezeka: pakati pake ndi chitsulo kapena cholimba, koma chomangira chonsecho chikadali chophatikizika chopyapyala, ndipo si yankho lolondola pa ngodya yomwe idzagundidwa.
Koyenera kusamala: chinyezi chosatha. Chophimba pepala ndi chinthu chimodzi chomwe chingathe kuyamwa madzi, kotero m'malo onyowa nthawi zonse PVC ndiye malo otetezeka.
Onanitsamba la malonda a mkanda wa pakona wokhala ndi nkhope ya pepalaza m'lifupi ndi ma profiles.
Ma profile anayi okhala ndi mapepala — ndi mkati mwa ngodya, mbali zina ndi mbali zosaphika
Apa ndi pomwe atsogoleri ambiri amasiya ndi kunena kuti "bullnose ndi ya ngodya zozungulira." Ma profiles anayiwa amathetsa mavuto anayi osiyanasiyana.
- 1. Mkanda wakunja wa ngodyaNdi ya ngodya zakunja za 90°, ndipo yafotokozedwa kuti ndi yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa bolodi la khoma lolimba.
- 2. Mkanda wamkati mwa ngodyaYapangidwira kapangidwe ka mkati mwa 90°, ndikupanga ngodya yeniyeni yolondola, komanso pa bolodi lililonse la khoma lolimba.
- 3.J mawonekedweAmatha kutseka zitseko za makabati zopindika kawiri, amadutsa pansi pa zitseko zonse ndi mawindo, ndikutseka makoma ouma. Mwanjira ina, si chinthu cha ngodya konse — ndi chinthu chotseka m'mphepete, ndipo ndi yankho la "chomwe chimamaliza m'mphepete mwa masamba pomwe bolodi limangoyima."
- 4. Mphuno ya ng'ombeZimapanga ngodya yosalala yozungulira kunja ndipo zimakhala zosavuta kuyika.
Makona amkati amafunika chisamaliro chochulukirapo kuposa momwe amafunira.Zinthu zambiri zomwe zili m'makona zimangoyang'ana makona akunja, zomwe ndi zachilendo, chifukwa makona amkati amasweka pazifukwa zomwezo zomwe makona akunja amachita. Muli ndi njira ziwiri zomveka: mbiri yamkati mwa ngodya yopangidwa kuti igwire 90° yeniyeni, kapena tepi yopindidwa yopindidwa mbali inayo, yomwe imagwirira makona amkati ndi akunja ndi chinthu chomwecho.
Mavuto a mbali zina ndi osiyana.Mawindo a Bay, makoma otambasulidwa ndi chilichonse chomwe sichili pa 90° chimafuna mbiri yomwe ingapindike kapena kupindika pakati pake. Tepi yopindidwa ndi yabwino kwambiri pano kuposa mbiri yolimba, koma funso loti chinthucho chingakhale chotani ndi la wogulitsa, osati kungoganiza chabe.
Mphuno yamphongo ndi dongosolo, osati mzere.Ngodya yozungulira imasintha momwe m'mbali ndi chitseko zimakumana ndi khoma, ndipo pomwe mizere itatu imakumana - mwachitsanzo ngodya yapamwamba ya chitseko - radius iyenera kutsekedwa ndi chidutswa chosinthira chofanana m'malo mochidula ndikuchidzaza. Sankhani radius ndi tsatanetsatane wa chokongoletsera pamodzi, mkanda usanakhale pakhoma.
Zimene chizindikirocho chimakuuzani
| Chizindikiro | Zimene nthawi zambiri zimatanthauza | Zosintha pa siteji yofotokozera |
|---|---|---|
| Madontho a dzimbiri kapena kutuluka magazi achikasu pakona | Chophimba chosweka, kapena chinyezi chopitirirabe kufika pachitsulo | Gwiritsani ntchito PVC m'malo onyowa; onetsetsani kuti chitsulo chatsekedwa bwino mu chosakaniza |
| Mng'alu wa tsitsi womwe ukuyenda motsatira flange | Chomangirira kapena mbiri yolimba yoyenda ndi chimango | Pitani ku njira yothetsera vuto la pepala lopanda tepi |
| Mitu ya zomangira ikuwonekera kumapeto | Zomangira zikugwira ntchito momasuka pamene chimango chikuuma ndikuchepa | Mofanana ndi pamwambapa — chotsani chomangira pa equation |
| Mphuno ya pakona yopindika kapena yopindika | Zotsatira zoposa zomwe mbiriyo imathandizira | Tchulani chitsulo, kapena mbiri yokhala ndi mphuno yosagwedezeka |
| Mzere wowongoka womwe umawonekera kudzera mu utoto ukuwala | Mphepete mwa mkanda sunatuluke nthenga | Ma profiles okhala ndi nkhope ya pepala amathandiza kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zolumikizana ndi nthenga |
| Ngodya yozungulira siikugwirizana ndi m'mphepete mwake | Ma radius osankhidwa opanda tsatanetsatane wa kukongoletsa | Tsimikizirani zidutswa za radius ndi transition pamodzi, musanayitanitse |
Onani zomwe sizili patebulopo: palibe mitengo, palibe moyo wautumiki, palibe maperesenti. Manambala amenewo amafalikira kwambiri m'mabulogu a ogulitsa ndipo nthawi zambiri sapezeka ndi chilichonse. Chomwe mungachitepo kanthu ndi njira yake.
Komwe ASTM C1047 ikugwirizana
Ngati mfundo inayake ikufuna muyezo wa zowonjezera zomangira zomangira zomangira, nthawi zambiri zimakhala chonchoASTM C1047, yomwe ikufalitsidwa pano ngati C1047-19,Mafotokozedwe Okhazikika a Zowonjezera za Gypsum Wallboard ndi Gypsum Veneer BaseImaphimba zowonjezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gypsum wallboard ndi gypsum veneer base assemblies kuti ziteteze m'mphepete ndi ngodya komanso kupereka mawonekedwe a zomangamanga.
Zinthu ziwiri zofunika kuzidziwa ndizofunikira kudziwa, chifukwa zimakuuzani zomwe muyenera kufunsa wogulitsa:
- 1. Zowonjezera zachitsulo — ndi gawo lachitsulo la zowonjezera zachitsulo ndi pepala — ziyenera kupangidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo chozizira chophimbidwa ndi zinc chisanagwiritsidwe ntchito.
- 2. Chigawo cha pepala cha zowonjezera zachitsulo ndi pepala chiyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za makulidwe, mphamvu yokoka, kukhazikika kwa mawonekedwe, ndi kulumikizana kwa tepi yolumikizirana ndi cholumikizira cholumikizira.
Muyezowu umafunanso kuti zowonjezera zikhale zopanda zopindika kapena zopingasa zomwe zingalepheretse kugwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso zopanda ma burrs ndi m'mbali zakuthwa.
Zimene imachitaosatiKuchita ndiko kukhazikitsa mitengo, moyo wautumiki kapena njira yokhazikitsira, ndipo sikukuuzani kuti musankhe zinthu ziti. Ndi mfundo yogulira: imakupatsani chinthu chodziwikiratu choti mupemphe satifiketi yotsutsana nayo. Mfundo zenizeni za chiganizocho zimakhala mu muyezo wokha, osati mwachidule - pezani mawu onse ndi mfundo za polojekitiyo pambali.ASTM C1047-19 pa astm.org
Zoyenera kutsimikizira musanayitanitse
Sitikukupatsani manambala omwe sitingathe kuwapeza. Nayi zomwe mungapemphe m'malo mwake:
1. Ndi gawo liti loyang'ana— ma mesh a pepala kapena fiberglass. Zonsezi zimagulitsidwa, ndipo ma drive olowera amaphatikiza machitidwe a makiyi ndi sanding.
2. M'lifupi, ndi utali wozungulira ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito bullnose, yowunikidwa molingana ndi makulidwe a bolodi la pakhoma ndi tsatanetsatane wa m'mbali mwake womwe mukufuna kuyikamo.
3. Chitsulo ndi kupaka utoto— chophimba cha substrate ndi zinc, chokhala ndi satifiketi ya zinthu osati chopempha.
4. Kugwirizana ndi cholumikizira chomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito, kuphatikizapo zinthu zokhazikika ngati nthawi yake ndi yochepa.
5. Kaya mfundo za polojekitiyi zikunena za ASTM C1047kapena imafuna chodulira chosayaka pa cholumikizira chilichonse chovoteledwa.
6. Utali wa mpukutu ndi kulongedza, ngati mukugula tepi yozungulira — ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe mukuyembekezera kutaya chifukwa cha zodulidwa.
Mafunso ofala
Kodi makona amkati amafunika mkanda wa pakona?
Inde, ndipo amafotokozedwa mobwerezabwereza kuposa momwe ayenera kukhalira. Mkati mwa ngodya mumasweka pazifukwa zomwezo zomwe kunja kwa ngodya kumachitira. Gwiritsani ntchito mbiri yamkati mwa ngodya yopangidwa kuti igwire 90° yeniyeni kapena tepi yopindidwa yopindidwa mosiyana.
Kodi mkanda wa PVC pakona ungagwiritsidwe ntchito pakupanga zinthu zoyaka moto?
Sizili ngati chokhazikika. Ngati chowonjezera choyaka moto chikuloledwa kutengera kapangidwe kake ndi ulamuliro womwe uli nawo. Chitani ngati funso lofunikira ndipo lilembeni musanayambe kuyika mkanda pakhoma.
Ndi chiyani chomwe chimalimbana ndi ming'alu bwino, yopangidwa ndi pepala kapena yachitsulo?
Yokhala ndi nkhope ya pepala, pazifukwa zinazake: imayikidwa mu cholumikizira chopanda zomangira zamakina, kotero palibe chomangira chomwe chingakankhire kunja pamene chimasuntha. Zimenezo zimathandiza kusweka kwa chomangira. Sizimapangitsa ngodya kukhala yolimba kwambiri - ngati ngodyayo igundidwa, imeneyo ndi chisankho chosiyana.
Mabanja atatu, mitundu iwiri, ndi njira yolephera pa chilichonse. Sankhani fomuyo kaye, kenako zinthuzo, kenako tsimikizirani zomwe zalembedwa.
Onani njira zothetsera mavuto zachitsulo, PVC ndi mapepala m'ndandanda wathu
Adilesi
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