Matapihi Karāhe Ātete-Kawakore: Te Kōwhiri i te Taumaha me te Rahi Matapihi mō te EIFS me te Stucco

E rua ngā pakitara stucco ka āhua ōrite i te rā e hinga ai te tūāpapa, ā, ka rerekē rawa te āhua i muri i ngā tau e toru. Ko te mea i pakaru, kāore i pakaru nā te paninga whakamutunga — i pakaru nā te mea he māmā rawa te mata i roto i te paninga turanga mō te papa, nā te mea rānei kāore tetahi i pātai he aha te tikanga o te "ātete ki te kawakawa" i runga i te pepa raraunga. Ko te whiriwhiri i te mata karāhe muka mō te EIFS me te stucco ehara i te mea ko te maumahara i tētahi tau makutu. Ko te taurite i tētahi tau — te taumaha — me tētahi atu tau — te rahi o te mata — ki te pakitara kei mua i a koe, kātahi ka manatoko kei te noho tonu te mata hei mata i muri i te tekau tau e mau ana ki te sima. Ka tirotirohia e tēnei aratohu taua whakatau, kātahi ka pānuihia he ripanga whakatakotoranga tūturu kua whakaputaina rārangi i te rārangi.

Te mahi a te whatunga i roto i te pūnaha

I roto i ngā huihuinga stucco me EIFS, ka whakauruhia te mata ki roto i te paninga turanga mākū, ka whakarato i te whakakaha, te ātete ki te pakaru, me te ātete kawakore ki te paparanga kua hurihia. He rite ki te mahi kotahi, engari ka rerekē te mahi me te papa.

I runga i te papa pahuka EIFS, kāore he kaha hanganga o te papa, nō reira he mahi tūturu tā te papa mata: ko te kiri te mea e mimiti ana i te nekehanga wera me te pānga mō te pūnaha katoa. I runga i te raima, i te pereki rānei, kua pumau kē te pakitara, ā, ka whaiti te mahi a te mata ki te aukati i te hanganga me te horapa o ngā kapiti o te mata - ka tohatoha i te ahotea ā-rohe, kaua ki te pupuri i te pūnaha. Nō reira, he rerekē te mahi a te takai mata kotahi i runga i te mea kei muri, koia te take ka tīmata te whiriwhiri taumaha ki te papa, ehara i te rārangi.

E whā ngā pātai i mua i tō kōwhiri i tētahi taumaha

Whakautua ēnei i runga i te raupapa, ā, ka mutu te whakatau tata i te taumaha. Kei ia whakautu he aha ka puta ina hē koe.

1. He aha te papa, ā, e hia te nui o tana nekeneke?He rerekē te nekehanga o te papa pahuka, te papa gypsum, te anga rakau me te pereki. Ko te rakau te mea tino nekeneke i te haumākū o te wā; kāore he pakari o te pahuka hei tohatoha i te kawenga. He hē te whakautu mā te mama rawa i runga i te papa e neke ana, ā, ka pakaru ngā hononga i te wāhi e piri ai te mata.

2. Kei te mahi hanganga te mata whatu, kei te ātete noa rānei i te ngatata o te mata?I runga i te pahuka EIFS, he mahi hanganga. I runga i te pakitara kohatu, he aukati pakaru. Kāore he hua o te nui rawa o te tohu i te pakitara kohatu pumau; ko te iti rawa o te tohu i te pakitara EIFS ka hua mai ngā karangatanga.

3. He pēhea te matotoru o te papa me te paninga whakaoti?Mā te whakapaipai angiangi ka horahia he mata matotoru, mārō ki roto i te mata — ka kite koe i te tauira mata i raro i te paninga. Ko te mata matotoru me whai paninga turanga matotoru kia taea ai te kawe.

4. He aha te anga o te pakitara?Ko te āhuarangi me te taunga anake, te pānga rānei: te haere o te waewae, ngā kaata, ngā tatau, ngā mita e rua o raro o te toa. Me taumaha ake te hanganga o ngā rohe pānga i te whakahaere i ngā kapiti o te mata, ahakoa te whakamahinga o te papa o te pakitara.

Ngā whitiki taumaha me te wāhi e tau ai

Mō ngā kaiwhakarato katoa, ka whakarōpūhia e ngā aratohu kua whakaputaina ngā taumaha mata ki ngā whitiki pēnei. Whakaarohia he mahi ahumahi noa iho, kaua hei paerewa — me te whakaū tonu ki te whānuitanga tuturu a tō kaiwhakarato:

Rōpū Waiata	Te whakamahinga noa	Ngā Tuhipoka
~45 karamu/m²	Ngā papa pahuka EIFS i raro i ngā paninga whakapaipai angiangi; te papa tāera/mosaic	te whitiki māmā rawa; he mea noa i roto i ngā aratohu kaiwhakarato kua whakaputaina mō ngā mahi angiangi
75–125 karamu/m²	whakapakari pakitara whānui, paninga turanga paerewa	te pokapū mahi mō te maha o ngā pūnaha o waho
145–160 karamu/m²	te hipoki pakitara o waho paerewa, te papa moata, ngā papa gypsum/whakamaroke	te whitiki e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te mahi stucco me te mahi render whānui
Taumaha	ngā rohe pānga, ngā wāhanga pakitara o raro, te nekehanga anga rakau	i taurite ki te wāhi e kitea ana, ehara i te wāhi o te pakitara

He kōrero pono mō te whitiki māmā rawa: e taunaki ana ētahi aratohu kaiwhakarato kia tata ki te 45 karamu/m² te taumaha mō ngā mahi EIFS angiangi. Ka tīmata te ripanga tauira kua whakaputaina e Ruifiber i te 75 karamu/m², ko te raina hua tonu e kapi ana i te 30–600 karamu/m² — nō reira he pātai hei pātai māu mō ngā whakatakotoranga māmā ake, ehara i te tau hei whakaaro mai i te putumōhio.

Te ripanga whakatakotoranga kua whakaputaina, pānuihia kia tika

Anei te ripanga whakatakotoranga kua whakaputaina mō te mata karāhe ngāwari a Ruifiber, kua tāruatia kia rite ki tōna āhua o nāianei kia kite ai koe i te āhua o tētahi pepa raraunga tūturu:

Tau Nama	Mata (mm)	Taumaha (karamu/m²)	Wāhanga kume (N/20 cm)	Te whatu kume (N/20 cm)	Whatu	Te ihirangi kapia (>%)
A2.5×2.5-110	2.5×2.5	110	1200	1000	Leno/leno	18
A2.5×2.5-125	2.5×2.5	125	1200	1400	Leno/leno	18
A5×5-75	5×5	75	800	800	Leno/leno	18
A5×5-125	5×5	125	1200	1300	Leno/leno	18
A5×5-145	5×5	145	1400	1500	Leno/leno	18
A5×5-160	4×4	160	1550	1650	Leno/leno	18
A5×5-160	5×5	160	1450	1600	Leno/leno	18

Ngā taipitopito katoa mō temata karāhe ngāwari mō te EIFSwhārangi hua.

E toru ngā mea e tika ana kia pānuihia mai i tēnei ripanga, e kore rawa e taea e te awhe taumaha anake te whakaatu ki a koe:

Kua whakarārangihia motuhaketia te kaha o te whenu me te whatu — ā, kāore i te ōrite.I roto i ētahi tauira, he nui ake te ahunga o te whatu i te whatu (A2.5×2.5-125: 1400 vs 1200; A5×5-145: 1500 vs 1400). Ko te nuinga o ngā pakitara ka puta he ahotea i ngā ahunga e taea te matapae — i runga ake, i raro hoki i ngā whakatuwheratanga, i ngā kokonga — ā, ki te mea he ahunga tō tauira pakaru, he tino arotau te taurite i te ahunga kaha ake ki te tuaka ahotea teitei ake, ehara i te mea he pai noa iho.

Kāore te kaha kume e whai i te taumaha mā te rārangi.Ko te pikinga mai i te 75 ki te 110 karamu/m² te nui atu i te pikinga mai i te 145 ki te 160 e kīia ana — ko te paninga, te matotoru o te raranga me te kounga o te miro te mea e neke ake ai te tau. Ka rerekē te kaha o ngā mata e rua i te taumaha kotahi, koia tonu te take e whakatauritea ai ngā pepa raraunga kaua ki ngā pane o te rarangi pukapuka.

Ka whakaputaina te ihirangi kapia ki te ≥18%.Ko te paninga copolymer kiriaku te mea e tiaki ana i te karāhe mai i te kawakore o te sima, ā, he taurangi tūturu te taumaha o te paninga — kāore te mata i "pania" i roto i te tikanga rua. Ko te nuinga o ngā aratohu whakataetae e kī ana kia tono koe mō ngā raraunga whakamātautau paninga me te kore e whakaatu i te āhua o te tau kua whakaaturia; ≥18% te taumaha ko te āhua o taua whakaaturanga i runga i te pepa raraunga tūturu.

Rahi o te mata: 5×5 vs 2.5×2.5 (me te momo 4×4)

He rite te hiranga o te rahi o te mata whatu — te pūaha i waenganui i ngā miro, i roto i ngā mirimita — ki te taumaha, ā, e whakaatu ana te ripanga i runga ake nei i ngā whānau e rua:

1.5×5 mmKo te whakatuwheratanga hanga whānui tēnei. Mā ōna pūtau nui ake ka taea te uru me te kī mā roto, ka pai te pumau ā-mīhini i roto i ngā paninga turanga matotoru paerewa. Koinei te rahi mata e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō ngā mahi whakairo me te stucco o waho.
2.2.5×2.5 mmko te whānau pai ake. He pai ngā kōhao whaiti mō ngā paninga turanga angiangi me ngā whakaotinga kāore e tika kia tere te horapa o te mata whatu — koinei anō te arorau e pana ana i ngā whakaotinga angiangi ki ngā taumaha mama ake.
3. Kia mataara ki te mātotoru, kaua ko te rahi noa iho.Kia mōhio ki ngā rarangi A5×5-160 e rua: ko tētahi he tatau 4×4 mō ia 25 mm, ko tētahi he 5×5 mō ia 25 mm — he rite tonu te whānau hua ingoa, he rite tonu te taumaha 160 karamu/m², he rerekē te tatau miro. Koia te take ka rerekē te whanonga o ngā mata "5×5" e rua mai i ngā kaiwhakarato rerekē: tatauhia ngā miro mō ia 25 mm (m ia inihi rānei) ka whakatauritea, kaua te tapanga.

Ngā Wāhanga: N/20 cm, N/50 mm me te oz/yd²

I mua i te tāpiri i ngā pepa raraunga e rua kia taha, tirohia ngā waeine — koinei te wāhi e hē ai ngā whakatauritenga whakawhiti-kaituku.

Ka whakahuatia te kaha kume mō ia whānui tauira kua tautuhia. E whakahua ana te ripanga a Ruifiber i ngā newton mō ia rīpene 20 cm (N/20 cm). Ko ngā pūrongo whakamātautau Pākehā i roto i te horopaki ETICS/EIFS ka whakahuatia mō ia 50 mm (N/50 mm). He rerekē rawa ngā taumata whakakaha o te hua "1200 N" i runga i te rīpene 20 cm me te hua "1200 N" i runga i te rīpene 5 cm — he nui ake ngā miro o te rīpene whānui, nō reira he teitei ake te pānui mō te rauemi kotahi. Kaua rawa e whakataurite i ngā tau me te kore e whakataurite i te whānui.

He rite tonu te raruraru o te taumaha puta noa i ngā moana: e whakamahia ana e ngā pepa raraunga ine te g/m², he maha ngā tuhinga o Amerika e whakamahi ana i ngā auneke mō ia iari tapawha (oz/yd²). Ko te tahuritanga he 1 oz/yd² ≈ 33.9 g/m²:

auneke/iari²	≈ karamu/m²
1.3	45
2.2	75
3.2	110
4.3	145
4.7	160

Nō reira, ina tūtohutia e te aratohu e anga ana ki te US he "4.5 oz mata", he tata ki te 150 g/m² te mata — e noho ana i roto i te whānuitanga kotahi e kīia ana e tā mātou ripanga he uhi o waho paerewa.

"Ātete ki te kawakore" — he aha te mea hei manatoko

E kī ana ia pepa raraunga mata he ātete ki te kawakore. Ko te kereme anake e rite ana ki te pai o te pūnaha karāhe-me-te-paninga kei muri: he tino kawakore te sima i roto i ngā paninga turanga, ā, ka whakaekea e ia te muka karāhe kāore i tiakina i roto i te wā. Nō reira, ko te ātete ki te kawakore i ahu mai i te whakakotahitanga o te momo karāhe me te paninga polymer - koia te take he whakamātautau te manatoko whai tikanga, ehara i te tapanga.

Ina whakataurite ana i ngā kaiwhakarato, pātai atu mō:

He pūrongo whakamātautau koroheketanga kawakore— ka rumakina ngā tauira mata ki roto i te wairewa kawakore (NaOH) mō ngā rā 28, ā, ka whakamātautauhia anō; ko te pupuri kaha i muri i te koroheketanga te mea nui. Ko te pupuri i muri i te whakamahinga kawakore mō ngā rā 28 te paearu e whakahuatia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā whakamātautau mata Pākehā i raro i te EN 13496, te paerewa whakamātautau e whakamahia ana mō ngā mata whakakaha muka-karaehe i roto i ngā pūnaha whakamahana wera o waho. Pātaihia te pūrongo tonu, kaua ko te rārangi "e tutuki ana ki te EN 13496".
Momo paninga me te ihirangi— ko te copolymer kiriaku te matū noa; ko te ihirangi ≥18% o te taumaha mata te taumata whakaaturanga e tika ana kia tumanakohia e koe i runga i te pepa raraunga.

Momo karāhe— Ko te karāhe-C me te karāhe-E ngā mata hanga paerewa; ki te kī te kaiwhakarato he karāhe motuhake tā rātou, he mea nui ake te pūrongo whakamātautau.

He ture whaihua: e rua ngā kaiwhakarato e kī ana i te taumaha me te rahi o te mata, ka rerekē tonu pea te rahi o te mata ina pau te tau o te mata ki te sima. Ko ngā tau o te pepa raraunga i te ripanga i runga ake nei e whakaahua ana i te mata i te rā tuatahi; ko te pūrongo tawhito e whakaahua ana i te tau tekau.

Ngā rohe: mara, pānga, kokonga

Ko te tikanga, ka whakaranua e te whakatakotoranga pakitara tūturu ngā momo mata, kaua e whiriwhiri i tētahi: he mata paerewa-taumaha puta noa i te papa o te pakitara, he mata taumaha ki te wāhi e tika ana kia pāngia — ngā wāhanga pakitara o raro e tata ana ki ngā ara hikoi, ki ngā tatau, ki ngā toa hokohoko — me ngā mata kokonga kua oti te hanga i mua i ia kokonga o waho, nā te mea ka pakaru, ka pakaru ake ngā kokonga i ngā wāhanga papatahi. He mahi noa te whakaranu, ehara i te mea he koretake; ko te whakatakotoranga nui rawa o te pakitara katoa kia rite ki tōna rohe tino mōrearea he para noa iho.

Ngā Pātai Auau

Ka taea e au te whakamahi i te taumaha mata kotahi mō te pakitara katoa?

Ka taea e koe, engari he hē te ōhanga i te nuinga o te wā. Whakamahia tō taumaha taunoa puta noa i te papa, ka piki ake i ngā rohe pānga me ngā kokonga; kāore e hiahiatia te hanganga o te papa o te pakitara pereki pumau ki te mita o raro o te toa.

Kia pēhea te nui o te taupatupatu e hiahiatia ana i waenga i ngā wāhanga mata?

Ko te tikanga noa ko te tāpiri i te iti rawa kia rua inihi te roa o ngā hononga, kia mau ki roto i te paninga turanga pērā i te toenga o te mata whatu, kia mau tonu ai te whakakaha puta noa i te hononga. Whāia ngā whakaritenga a tō pūnaha mēnā kei reira.

E rua ngā kaiwhakarato e kī ana he rite te taumaha me te rahi o te mata o te kupenga — me pēhea taku whakatairite?

Pātaihia te pūrongo whakamātautau mō te koroheketanga o te kawakore me ngā whakatakotoranga paninga, kaua e whakataurite i te utu mō ia rōra. Ahakoa he rite te GSM me te rite te whakatuwheratanga ingoa, he rerekē tonu te kaha o te sima e mau ana — ko ngā raraunga koroheketanga te mea e wehewehe ana i a rāua.

Whakatakotoria ki te pakitara, kaua ki te rārangi ingoa

Ka whai te taumaha i te nekehanga o te papa me te pānga; ka whai te rahi o te mata i te matotoru o te paninga; ka whai ngā tau kaha i ngā pepa raraunga kua whakaritea mō te waeine; ā, ka whai te ātete kawakore i te pūrongo whakamātautau, ehara i te tapanga.Tirotirohia ngā hua whakapakari muka karāhe a Ruifiberkia kite i te whānuitanga katoa o ngā mata whatu — ngā tauira kua whakaputaina mai i te 75 ki te 160 g/m², me te raina hua e kapi ana i te 30–600 g/m² — me te tuku RFQ e whakaingoa ana i tō papa, te matotoru o te paninga me ngā rohe pānga kia rite ai te utu ki te pakitara.