Utoto wa Fiberglass woteteza madzi: Kumene Umapita ndi Momwe Mungasankhire Kulemera

Choyamba tiyeni tithetse maganizo olakwika omwe anthu ambiri amakumana nawo: mesh si chinthu choteteza madzi. Sichiletsa madzi; nembanemba — chophimba chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madzi kapena chosalowa madzi chopangidwa ndi simenti — ndicho chimatseka. Chomwe nembanemba imachita ndi kugwira ntchito ngati chigoba cholimbitsa mkati mwa nembanembayo: chimagawa kupsinjika, chimalumikiza kuyenda kwa substrate pang'ono, ndikusunga chophimba chosweka ngati khungu limodzi lopitirira. Chitetezo cha dongosololi chimachokera ku kapangidwe ka nembanemba ndi makulidwe ake; nembanembayo imatsimikizira ngati nembanembayo ikupulumuka kuyenda kapena kugawanika.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake "gwiritsani ntchito maukonde okha" si chinthu chofunikira. Maukonde ayenera kugwirizana ndi nembanemba, kukhala okhuthala mokwanira kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito, komanso kukhala olumikizidwa bwino - zonse zitatu, apo ayi sizingathandize chilichonse.

Njira yokhazikika yogwiritsira ntchito maupangiri ndi machitidwe ndi kuyika maukonde mkati mwa nembanemba, osati kuiyika pamwamba kapena pansi pake. Njira yogwirira ntchito ya machitidwe ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madzi:

1. Ikani chovala choyamba (choyambira) kapena pakani chovala choyamba (choyambira)zinthu zotetezera madzi pa nthaka yokonzedwa.
2. Ikani ulusi mu utoto woyamba wonyowaPamene ikadali yonyowa, kuikanikiza mopingasa ndikugwira ntchito yotulutsa thovu la mpweya kuti chophimbacho chilowe kudzera mu gridi — ukonde uyenera kunyowetsedwa mokwanira, popanda m'mbali zoyandama.
3. Phimbani bwino ndi topcoat, kotero ukondewo umakhala mkati mwa nembanemba — palibe ukonde wooneka, palibe makwinya, kapena malo ouma.

Gawo la maukonde lomwe lasiyidwa lowonekera kapena louma pansi pa chovala chomwe sichingagwire lidzasungunuka kapena kufalikira; sandwich ndiye mfundo yofunika. Mfundo yomweyi imagwiranso ntchito m'makoma osalowa madzi a simenti, komwe maukondewo amaikidwa pakati pa gawo lopangira.

Kulemera kwa magalamu pa mita imodzi imodzi ndiye mfundo yaikulu yodziwira. Onani manambala ngati njira yodziwika bwino yamakampani, osati muyezo - kulemera koyenera nthawi zonse kumatsatira dongosolo la nembanemba ndi kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe amabwera pamwamba.

Kukula kwa maukonde ndikofunikira pamodzi ndi kulemera kwake: mipata yolimba (8 × 8 mpaka 10 × 10 mm) imalola kuti zokutira zokhuthala zilowe mkati mwa khoma lonse; ma gridi opyapyala (pafupifupi 5 × 5 mm) agwirizane ndi ma coat opyapyala komanso osalala.

Pa sikelo, mzere wofewa wa maukonde a Ruifiber umaphimba 30–600 g/m² yonse (m'lifupi 500–2400 mm, mu mawonekedwe ofewa/okhazikika/olimba), ndi mitundu yosindikizidwa kuyambira 75 mpaka 160 g/m² — mipiringidzo yokhazikika ndi ya denga pamwamba ili mkati mwa mipiringidzo yosindikizidwa.

Chitsanzo chogwira ntchito: kukonzanso khonde

Konzani chisankho cha khonde la konkriti lomwe likupakidwanso ndi matope oteteza madzi okhala ndi magawo awiri. Pansi pake ndi yokhazikika koma m'mphepete mwa slab, ngalande ndi khoma zonse zimasuntha, ndipo pamwamba pake padzakhala anthu ambiri.

Mzere wolemera umasonyeza kuchuluka kwa denga/magalimoto — omwe nthawi zambiri amatchulidwa pa 120–160 g/m² — chifukwa kugwedezeka ndi kuyenda kwa kutentha, osati madzi okha, kumayendetsa zomwe zili mu spec. Gridi ya ~5×5 mm imagwirizana ndi kukhuthala kwa slurry ndipo imapatsa pamwamba kukhudzana kokwanira. Dongosolo loyika limayenda bwino monga momwe sandwich imafotokozera: prime, ikani maukonde mu chofunda choyamba chonyowa ndi 100 mm overlaps pa msoko uliwonse, kenako mizere yatsatanetsatane — gulu lowonjezera la maukonde pakhoma, mozungulira ngalande, lokulungidwa m'mphepete mwa slab — chofunda chapamwamba chisanadutse chilichonse.

Kodi idzagwira ntchito ndi chophimba chanu?

Chemistry imasankha kulumikiza. Zophimba zoteteza madzi za simenti yosinthidwa ndi polima ndi zamchere, zomwe ndi zachilengedwe zomwe ma fiberglass yolimba ndi yolimba yokhala ndi polima imapangira — kuphatikiza kumeneku ndi kwachilengedwe ndipo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Ma membrane a polyurethane ndi acrylic ndi nkhani yosiyana: sali ochokera ku simenti, kotero kuukira kwa alkali si vuto - vuto ndi kunyowa. Chophimbacho chiyenera kulowa mokwanira ndikuphimba maukonde kuti cholimbitsa chigwirizane, kotero kuyanjana ndi kagawo kakang'ono koyesera musanagwiritse ntchito mokwanira ndi njira zoyenera.

Chidziwitso china cha mankhwala: chophimba cha acrylic copolymer pa mesh ndicho chimateteza galasi ku alkalinity ndikugwirizanitsa laminate pamodzi - kuchuluka kwa kupaka ndi chinthu cha datasheet choyezedwa (Ruifiber imafalitsa kuchuluka kwa resin pamwamba pa 18% pa ma mesh specification ake). Ubwino wa kupaka, osati mtundu wa galasi lokha, umasankha momwe mesh imakalamba mkati mwa nembanemba.

Malo okhazikitsa omwe amasankha zotsatira

• Kulumikizana osachepera 100 mm(pafupifupi mainchesi 4) pakati pa magawo a maukonde — njira yodziwika bwino yogwirira ntchito — kotero kulimbitsa kumakhala kosalekeza m'malo mosweka pamalo olumikizirana.
• Limbikitsani tsatanetsatane: ngodya zamkati ndi zakunja, malo olowera mapaipi ndi ngalande zimapeza mizere yowonjezera ya maukonde, yokhala ndi kutembenuka mmwamba pa malo olumikizirana makoma ndi ma parapet — awa ndi malo enieni omwe nembanemba ikanayamba kusweka.
• Yambani ndi nthaka yoyera, yomveka bwino, komanso yosalala— palibe madzi oyima, mafuta, kapena zinthu zotayirira pansi pa chovala choyamba.
• Ikani pamalo onyowa, osati pamalo ouma— kanikizani maukonde mozungulira ndikutulutsa mpweya kuti chophimbacho chiphimbe ulusi uliwonse; makwinya ndi maukonde owonekera ndi zizindikiro zooneka zodumpha izi.
• Limbani ming'alu yomwe ilipo bwino— tsegulani mng'aluwo kukhala V, mudzaze ndi sealant, kenako ikani maukonde pamwamba pake; maukonde oyikidwa molunjika pamwamba pa mng'alu wogwira ntchito amasamutsa mng'aluwo pamwamba.

Galasi kapena ulusi wa polyester?

Ma meshes olimbikitsa amabwera mu galasi ndi polyester, ndipo chisankhocho chimatsatira mawonekedwe a mayendedwe: fiberglass ndi yolimba komanso yosagwira alkali, yomwe imagwirizana ndi machitidwe okhala ndi simenti pomwe kukhazikika kwa mawonekedwe ndikofunikira; polyester ndi yosinthasintha kwambiri ndipo imalola mayendedwe akuluakulu a substrate, omwe amagwirizana ndi bituminous komanso zochitika zosinthika kwambiri - pamtengo wotsika. Pa makina ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madzi komanso simenti omwe afotokozedwa mu bukhuli, ma mesh agalasi osagwira alkali ndiye omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Chidziwitso chimodzi chomwe chimagwira ntchito pa zonsezi: ma mesh rolls ayenera kusungidwa owuma komanso athyathyathya, ndipo m'mphepete mwa ma leno-woven mesh musunge gridi yawo popanda kusweka - kuti kukhazikika kwa ulusi ndikofunikira kuyang'ana pa chitsanzo musanagule oda yayikulu.

Zoyenera kufunsa wogulitsa maukonde anu

1. Lipoti la mayeso a ukalamba wa alkali— kulimba kwa mphamvu yogwira ntchito pambuyo pa masiku 28 a alkaline. Pemphani lipotilo, osati zomwe akunena.
2. Mtundu wa zokutira ndi zomwe zili mkati mwake— chemistry ya acrylic copolymer ndi mulingo wodziwika bwino wa zomwe zili mkati mwake (≥18% ya kulemera kwa maukonde).
3. Kulemera, kukula kwa mauna ndi m'lifupi— yogwirizana ndi dongosolo la nembanemba ndi madera omwe ali mu kukula kwake.
4. Kuluka ndi kuuma mtima— leno weave imasunga mawonekedwe a gridi ikadulidwa; yofewa/yokhazikika/yolimba kuti igwirizane ndi malo ogona.

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Sankhani kulemera kwa dera ndi magalimoto, kuike pakati pa dongosolo lonyowa, lemekezani kuphatikizika ndi tsatanetsatane.