Matapihi muka karāhe mō te āraiwai: Kei hea e haere ana, me pēhea te whiriwhiri i te taumaha

Me whakamārama tātou i te whakaaro hē e tino kitea ana i te tuatahi: ehara te mata i te rauemi ārai wai. Kāore e aukati i te wai; ko te kiriuhi — te paninga wai, te paparanga ārai wai sima rānei — te mea e hiri ana. Ko tā te mata he anga whakapakari i roto i taua kiriuhi: ka tohatoha i te ahotea, ka hono i te nekehanga iti o te papa, ā, ka pupuri i te paninga pakaru-ngāwari hei kiri kotahi tonu. Ko te mahi tiaki o te pūnaha e ahu mai ana i te matū o te mata me tōna matotoru; ko te mata te mea e whakatau ana mēnā ka ora taua mata i te nekehanga, ka wehe rānei i a ia.

Koia te take ehara te kupu "whakamahi noa i te mata whatu" i te whakaritenga. Me hototahi te mata whatu ki te kiriuhi, me matotoru hoki mō te mahi, ā, me tika te whakaurunga - katoa e toru, ki te kore kāore he painga.

Ko te mahi tonu puta noa i ngā aratohu me ngā pūnaha ko te whakauru i te mata ki roto i te kiriuhi, kaua e whakatakoto ki runga, ki raro rānei. Ko te raupapa mahi mō ngā pūnaha wai-whakamahinga:

1. Whakakīia ki te hinu, pania rānei te paninga tuatahi (turanga)o te rauemi ārai wai ki runga i te papa kua whakaritea.
2. Whakatakotoria te mata whatu ki roto i te paparanga tuatahi kua mākūi a ia e mākū tonu ana, pēhia kia papatahi, ka tātarihia ngā mirumiru hau kia uru te paninga mā roto i te mata whatu — me mākū katoa te mata whatu, kia kore ai he taha e mānu ana.
3. Taupokina katoatia ki te paninga o runga, nō reira kua noho pūmau te mata i roto i te kiriuhi — kāore he mata e kitea ana, kāore he kita, kāore he ira maroke.

Ka pakaru, ka rere rānei te paparanga mata e waihotia ana kia kitea, e whakatakotoria maroke rānei i raro i te paparanga e kore e taea te pupuri; ko te hanawiti te kaupapa. Ka pā anō hoki tēnei whakaaro ki ngā moata ārai-wai sima, ina whakauruhia te mata ki waenganui o te paparanga whakarewa.

Ko te taumaha i roto i te karamu mō ia mita pūrua te mea matua e whakamahia ana. Whakaarohia ngā tau hei mahi noa i roto i te ahumahi, kaua hei paerewa — ko te taumaha tika e whai ana i te pūnaha kiriuhi me te rere o te mata.

He mea nui te rahi o te mata me te taumaha: ko ngā puare taratara (8×8 ki te 10×10 mm) ka āhei ngā paninga matotoru te uru pai; ko ngā mataretara angiangi (tata ki te 5×5 mm) ka pai mō ngā paninga angiangi me ngā whakaotinga maeneene.

Mō te tauine, ka kapi te raina mata whatu ngāwari a Ruifiber i te 30–600 g/m² katoa (te whānui 500–2400 mm, i roto i ngā āhua ngohengohe/paerewa/mārō), me ngā tauira kua whakaputaina mai i te 75 ki te 160 g/m² — kei roto tika ngā whitiki paerewa me te tuanui i runga ake nei i te awhe kua whakaputaina.

He tauira kua mahi: te whakahou i te taupee

Whakatakotoria te whakatau mō te paninga anō o te taupee raima ki te paru ārai wai sima e rua ngā wāhanga. He pumau te papa engari ka neke te taha o te pereti, te waikeri me te hononga pakitara, ā, ka kitea te haereere o te mata kua oti.

E tohu ana te awhi taumaha ki te awhe tuanui/waka — e kīia ana i te 120–160 g/m² — nā te mea ko te pānga me te nekehanga wera, ehara i te wai anake, te mea e akiaki ana i te whakaritenga. E rite ana te mata ~5×5 mm ki te matotoru o te paru, ā, ka nui te pānga o te paninga o runga. Ko te raupapa tāutanga ka rite tonu ki te whakaahuatanga o te hanawiti: pania te mata, whakatakotoria te mata ki roto i te paninga tuatahi mākū me ngā taupatupatu 100 mm i ia tuitui, kātahi ka tāpirihia ngā rīpene taipitopito — he awhi mata anō ki runga i te hononga pakitara, huri noa i te waikeri, takai ki runga i te taha o te pereti — i mua i te paninga o te paninga o runga ki runga i ngā mea katoa.

Ka mahi tahi me tō paninga?

Ko te matū te mea e whakatau ana i te hononga. He kawakore ngā paninga ārai wai o te sima me te sima kua whakarerekētia ki te polymer, koinei tonu te taiao i hangaia ai te mata karāhe ātete-kawakore me te paninga polymer — he taiao te hononga, ā, he whānui te whakamahinga.

He rerekē te kōrero mō ngā kiriuhi wai polyurethane me te kiriaku: ehara i te mea he sima, nō reira ehara te ātete kawakore i te raruraru — ko te mākū te take. Me uru katoa te paninga, me te kapi i te mata kia uru ai te whakakaha, nō reira ko te hototahi me te wāhi whakamātautau iti i mua i te tono whānui ngā mahi whai hua.

Tētahi atu kōrero matū: ko te paninga copolymer kiriaku i runga i te mata te mea e tiaki ana i te karāhe mai i te kawakore, ā, e hono ana i te raima — he tūemi pepa raraunga kua inehia te nui o te paninga (e whakaatu ana a Ruifiber i te nui o te kapia i runga i tana whakatakotoranga mata). Ko te kounga o te paninga, ehara i te momo karāhe anake, e whakatau ana i te pakeketanga o te mata i roto i te kiriuhi.

Ngā pūwāhi tāutanga e whakatau ana i te putanga

• Taupokina kia 100 mm te iti rawa(tata ki te 4 inihi) i waenganui i ngā wāhanga mata — he mahi noa tēnei a te umanga — kia mau tonu ai te whakakaha, kaua e whati i te hononga.
• Whakakahangia ngā taipitopito: ka tāpirihia he rīpene mata ki ngā kokonga o roto, o waho hoki, ki ngā poka paipa me ngā waikeri, me ngā kokonga whakarunga i ngā hononga pakitara me ngā parepare — koinei tonu ngā wāhi ka pakaru tuatahi te kiriuhi.
• Tīmata mai i tētahi papa ma, pakari, papatahi hoki— kāore he wai e tū ana, he hinu, he rauemi rānei e takoto kau ana i raro i te paninga tuatahi.
• Whakatakotoria ki te wāhi mākū, kaua ki te wāhi maroke— pēhia te mata whatu kia papatahi, ka pupuhi te hau kia takai te paninga i ngā miro katoa; ko ngā kita me ngā mata whatu e kitea ana ngā tohu e kitea ana o te korenga i tēnei.
• Whakakīia kia tika ngā kapiti o nāianei— whakatuwheratia te kapiti ki roto i te āhua V, whakakīia ki te hiri, kātahi ka tāpirihia he mata ki runga; mā te mata i whakatakotoria tika ki runga i te kapiti hohe ka nekehia te kapiti ki te mata.

He mata karāhe, he mata polyester rānei?

Kei roto i ngā mata whakakaha he karāhe me te polyester, ā, ko te kōwhiringa e whai ana i te āhua nekehanga: he pakari te muka karāhe, ā, he ātete ki te kawakore, e pai ana ki ngā pūnaha sima e whai tikanga ana te pumau o ngā āhuatanga; he ngāwari ake te polyester, ā, ka taea te whakauru i te nekehanga nui ake o te papa, e pai ana ki ngā āhuatanga bituminous me te nui o te pirau - engari he iti ake te pakari. Mō ngā pūnaha wai me ngā pūnaha sima kua hipokina i roto i tēnei aratohu, ko te mata karāhe ātete ki te kawakore te taunoa.

Kotahi te tohutohu mō te whakahaere e pā ana ki ngā mea e rua: me penapena ngā roera mata kia maroke, kia papatahi hoki, ā, me pupuri ngā taha tapahi o te mata whatu-leno i tō rātou mata me te kore e wetewete — he mea tika kia tirohia te pumau o te raranga i runga i te tauira i mua i te tono nui.

Ngā mea hei pātai atu ki tō kaiwhakarato kupenga

1. Pūrongo whakamātautau koroheketanga kawakore— te pupuri i te kaha kume i muri i te 28 rā o te whakamātautanga ki te kawakore. Pātaihia te pūrongo, kaua te kereme.
2. Momo paninga me te ihirangi— te matū o te copolymer kiriaku me te taumata ihirangi kua whakakitea (≥18% o te taumaha mata).
3. Taumaha, rahi me te whānui o te mata— i taurite ki te pūnaha kiriuhi me ngā wāhi kei roto i te whānuitanga.
4. Whatu me te whakamahana— ka mau te āhua o te mata whatu i te wā e tapahia ana; he ngawari/paerewa/mārō te āhua kia ōrite ki te whakatakotoranga.

Ngā Pātai Auau

Whakakahangia te wāhi e neke ana

Kōwhiria te taumaha mō te rohe me te waka, whakatakotoria ki waenganui mākū o te pūnaha, kia mau ki ngā taupatupatu me ngā taipitopito.