Matavi mangani eStrand Mat akachekwa? Kurema kusvika pakukora, nenhamba chaidzo

Bvunza vatengesi vashanu kuti unoda machira mangani etambo yakachekwa yelaminate ye3 mm uye unogona kuwana mhinduro shanu dzakasiyana. Izvi hazvisi zvekuti pane munhu akanganisa - imhaka yekuti mubvunzo unovanza mubvunzo wechipiri: jira rimwe rakakora sei? Uye ukobvu hwechikamu chimwe chete cheCSM chakagadziriswa hachisi chinhu chakagadzika chejira racho. Zvinoenderana nekuti unodhonza resin yakawanda sei mairi uye kuti unoipeta nesimba rakadii. Nhamba dzakaburitswa dze450 g/m² giredhi rimwe chete, semuenzaniso, dzinotangira pa0.9 mm kusvika pa1.15 mm pajira rimwe nerimwe - kupararira kweinenge 30% - kungoti masosi akasiyana anofungidzira kuti resin-to-glass ratios dzakasiyana.

Chinyorwa chino chinokupa mufananidzo wakazara: chii chinodzora ukobvu hwe single-ply, tafura yekufungidzira yemagiredhi ese mapfumbamwe akajairika ehuremu, mienzaniso yakashanda inoshandura ukobvu hwechinangwa kuita huwandu hwe layer, uye nzira yematanho matatu yekugadzirisa nhamba dziri muworkshop yako kuti urege kukwereta fungidziro dzevamwe vanhu.

Sei "Mazhinji Matatu" Asina Mhinduro Imwe Chete

Chati yeukobvu inoita seine simba nekuti inodhinda nhamba chaidzo. Asi ukobvu hwese hunoburitswa pa-ply ifungidziro yakavakirwa pafungidziro mbiri: chikamu chehuwandu hwefiber chinotarisirwa nemunyori kubva mukuita, uye kusimba kunotarisirwa nemunyori kubva ku laminator. Shanduko yefungidziro uye mat imwechete inogadzira ukobvu hwakasiyana.

Vatengesi vanoburitsa huwandu hwezvinhu zvakaverengerwa vanowanzotaura izvi pachena. Semuenzaniso, mumwe mutengesi wekuEurope anonyora huwandu hwayo hwehukobvu hwechikamu chimwe nechimwe se "huwandu hwakaverengerwa pa15 vol.% fibre content" uye anobva angoona kuti hukobvu chaihwo hunosiyana zvichienderana nehuwandu hwe resin, kugadziriswa uye kusimbaradzwa kwayo. Masosi anotarisa paworkshop anotaura nhamba dzakaderera zvishoma dzemhando dzakafanana nekuti dzinoratidza tsika yakajairika yekurongedza nemaoko, apo kupeta kunosvina resin yakawandisa uye huwandu hwe fibre hunozoguma hwakwira. Hapana nhamba isina kururama; vanopindura mibvunzo yakasiyana.

Saka mubvunzo unobatsira hausi wekuti "ma layers mangani eX mm?" asi "ma layers mangani ari pasi pe resin ratio yangu uye rolling yangu?" - ndosaka chinyorwa chino chichipera nenzira ye calibration pane chati chaiyo.

Musiyano uripo pakati pekufungidzira une mhedzisiro yekutengeserana, kwete yehunyanzvi chete. Kana mutengo wakavakirwa pakufungidzira kwe 0.9 mm ply uye pasi pacho pakasvika 1.15 mm nemaitiro aro e resin, laminate inobuda yakakura 0.75 mm pane yakagadzirwa ne six-ply - girazi rakawedzerwa rakatengwa, resin yakawedzerwa yakasanganiswa, huremu hwakawedzerwa huchitumirwa. Chikanganiso che reverse chakanyanya kuipa: mutengo unofunga kuti ply yakakora inovaka chikamu, uye kushomeka kunoonekwa chete pakuongororwa kwekupedzisira, apo kugadzirisa kwakachipa kuri ply yakazara pamusoro pese. Kunyora ukobvu hweply hwakafungidzirwa muchirevo, padyo nechinangwa, ndicho chibvumirano chakachipa chinogona kuwedzerwa nemugadziri.

Chii Chinosarudza Ukobvu hweChikamu Chimwe Chete

Mushure mekugadziriswa, ukobvu hwechinhu chimwe chete cheCSM hunobva pahuwandu hwezvinhu zvese zvawakaisa: girazi pamwe neresin, nemhepo yakaputirwa. Fibre dzegirazi dzine huremu hweinenge 2.55 g/cm³; resin yepolyester yakachekwa iri pedyo ne1.2 g/cm³. Mat yetambo yakachekwa isimbisiro yeresin yakasikwa - ma laminates emaoko anowanzo guma aine huremu hwe25-35% yegirazi, zviri pasi pezvinoitwa nemachira akarukwa - nekuti dhizaini yefaibha yakangoerekana yakura inobata resin yakawanda pakati petambo.

Mugove weresin ndiwo unonyanya kukonzera kutenderera. Maperesenti ehuremu nehuwandu hwemagirazi anotaurawo nyaya dzakasiyana: nekuti girazi rakakora kaviri pane resin, laminate ine 28% yegirazi nehuremu inorema 15% chete yegirazi nehuremu. Mabhuku maviri anotaura nezve "15 vol%" uye "30 wt%" yegiredhi rimwe chete saka ari kutsanangura laminate yakafanana, kwete zvinopesana.

Kubva pakuwanda uku unogona kuzviverengera wega. Nehuremu hwemati mu g/m² uye chiyero chehuremu hwe resin-to-glass (inenge 2.0–2.5 yekuisa ruoko pamati), ukobvu hwe ply hwakagadziriswa mu mamilimita hunenge:

t ≈ W × (0.39 + 0.83 × r) / 1000

Kuongorora kaviri kwehungwaru pakuenzanisa nhamba dzakaburitswa: pa r = 2.5, 300 g/m² kunoratidza kusvika pa 0.74 mm — zvinoenderana ne 0.7–0.77 mm yakataurwa nevatengesi vegiredhi iroro. Pa r = 2.0, 450 g/m² inopa anenge 0.93 mm — mukati chaimo me 0.9–1.1 mm inowanzo taurwa kuti ishandiswe nemaoko. Fomura iyi haisi itsva; inzira yakajeka yekuona kuti ndeipi fungidziro inoburitsa nhamba ipi.

Zvinhu zvitatu zvinoshanda zvinokufambisa munzira iyoyo:

1. Chiyero cheResin.Kusanganisa kwakawanda uye kunyorova zvakanyanya kusundira r ku2.5 wobva wawedzera ukobvu hwakaita seresin yakachena.
2. Kumanikidzwa kwekutenderera.Chinotenderera chakagadzirwa zvakanaka chinosimbisa ply, chinobvisa maburi neresin yakawandisa, uye chinokusvitsa pedyo nemugumo mutete wenzvimbo yacho.
3. Maitiro.Kuisa muchina wevacuum cleaner nekuisa muchina wevacuum cleaner zvinodzvinyirira murwi wacho zvakanyanya — nhamba dzinowanzotaurwa dzakatetepa ne12% pane dzakaiswa nemaoko pasi pemuchina wevacuum cleaner uye dzinenge 20% pasi pemuchina wevacuum cleaner. Tora zvikamu izvozvo senhungamiro yemutengesi, kwete mitemo yefizikisi.

Masvomhu akafanana anodzokera kumashure muhurongwa hwezvinhu, uko kuverenga layer kunochengetedza kana kushandisa mari. Kana gadziriro yaitwa - ngatitii matatu ma plies e450 g/m² pamusoro pe 40 m² mold - mat yekuodha ingori nzvimbo × ma plies, pamwe nemutengo wekucheka chimiro chemold. Maturusi akakombama akaomarara anogona kushandisa mat akawanda ne15-20% kupfuura nzvimbo ye net surface, nekuti ma offcuts akatenderedza deep draws haagone kushandiswazve; ma flat panels makuru anorasika zvishoma. Kuodha nehurefu hwe roll uchienzaniswa nenhamba iyoyo, pane rough estimation, ndizvo zvinodzivirira chitoro chekugadzira kubva pakugumisa basa ne laminate yakapedzwa uye isina roll inoenderana pasherufu.

Kukobvu kwePly Kunofungidzirwa neWeight Grade

Mapeji ematavi akachekwa - chiyero chehuremu hwenzvimbo, kwete chati yakatarwa, ndiyo inosarudza kuti jira rega rega rinowedzera ukobvu hwakadini

Matavi eRuifiber akachekwa anomhanya muzvikamu zvipfumbamwe kubva pa100 kusvika 900 g/m², muhupamhi kubva pa100 kusvika 3300 mm. Tafura iri pazasi inofungidzira ukobvu hweply imwe chete hwakagadziriswa pagiredhi rega rega pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa ekugadzika nemaoko (resin ratio 2.0–2.5:1 nehuremu). Aya ndiwo mafungidziro, kwete datasheet values - machenjedzo akafanana nechati yega yega iri pamusoro anoshanda.

Giredhi (g/m²)	Ukobvu hweply hwakagadziriswa (mm)*	Kushandiswa kweresin pachikamu chimwe nechimwe (kg/m²)*	Basa rinowanzoitwa
100	0.20–0.25	0.20–0.25	Chidziviriro chejasi regel, chipingamupinyi chinoprinda
150	0.30–0.37	0.30–0.38	Kuunganidzwa kwakanaka pazvikamu zvakakombama kana zvidiki
200	0.40–0.50	0.40–0.50	Malaminate akareruka, kugadziriswa
225	0.45–0.56	0.45–0.56	Kudzora kurongedza, basa rekushivirira zvishoma
300	0.60–0.75	0.60–0.75	Mhando yepasi rose; mapundu akaomarara
375	0.75–0.93	0.75–0.94	Laminating yepakati-giredhi
450	0.90–1.10	0.90–1.13	Mwero weindasitiri; kuvandudzwa kunofungidzirwa
600	1.20–1.50	1.20–1.50	Kuvaka nekukurumidza panzvimbo dzakakura dzakati sandara
900	1.85–2.25	1.80–2.25	Kuvaka ukobvu nekukurumidza, matangi nemahuku

*Inofungidzirwa kuva ne15–18 vol% faibha (resin:girazi 2.0–2.5:1 nehuremu), kurongeka nemaoko. Hunhu chaihwo hunosiyana zvichienderana nehuwandu hweresin, kutenderera uye kusimbaradzwa - tarisa pazvishandiso zvako wega.

Zvinhu zviviri zvinokosha kuona patafura. Chekutanga, koramu yeresin haisi pasi pechinyorwa — pameti, resin yaunoda pa sikweya mita inorema kanenge kaviri kusvika kaviri nehafu kupfuura huremu hwegirazi, ndosaka vagadziri vane ruzivo vachisanganisa resin muzvikamu zvidiki zvakasiyana pane imwe hombe. Chechipiri, koramu "yebasa rinowanzoitwa" inoratidza kuti nei vatengesi vachichengeta marudzi ese mapfumbamwe ari mupenyu: ganda re100 g/m² riri shure kwejasi regel uye 900 g/m² ganda rakaungana zviri kugadzirisa matambudziko akasiyana zvachose, uye hapana anogona kuita basa remumwe nemari.

Mienzaniso Yakashanda: Kubva paKukora kweTarget kusvika kuKuwanda kweLayer

Nzira inokurumidza yekushandisa tafura ndeyekudzokera shure: tanga kubva pakukora kwemufananidzo wako kana kuti mutengi wako, sarudza mamakisi, patsanura, wozoatenderedza kusvika pamatanda ese — haugone kuisa hafu yemachira.

Chinangwa	Kurongeka kumwe chete kwakanaka	Ukobvu hwakagadziriswa*	Kushandiswa kweResin*	Zvinyorwa
Panera rakatsetseka re 3 mm	3 × 450 g/m²	2.8–3.3 mm	2.7–3.4 kg/m²	Nzira inonyanya kufarirwa; bhora rimwe nerimwe rinosvika 1 mm
Chikamu chehuku che 6 mm	3 × 900 g/m² (kana 6 × 450)	5.6–6.7 mm	5.4–6.8 kg/m²	Mapundu matatu anorema anochengetedza basa; 6 × 450 inosimbisa zviri nani
Chigamba chekugadzirisa che 1.5 mm	450 + 225 g/m²	1.4–1.7 mm	1.4–1.7 kg/m²	Magiredhi akasiyana anokubvumira kuti ugadzirise zvinhu zvako pasina kunyanyisa

*Fungidziro dzakafanana nedzeTafura 1; simbisa uchishandisa makuponi ako akagadziriswa.

Verenga mutsara we6 mm nokungwarira, nekuti une kutengeserana kukuru kwenyaya yese. Matanho matatu e900 g/m² uye matanho matanhatu e450 g/m² anopa ukobvu hwakafanana - uye huremu hwakafanana hwegirazi. Chinosiyana nebasa (hafu yematanho ekurongedza negiredhi rinorema) pakubatana (ply imwe neimwe yakatetepa inotenderera zvakanaka, ichibata maburi mashoma). Pachikamu chikuru, chakati sandara apo maawa ekushanda anokosha, grade inorema inowanzo kunda. Pamould yakaoma apo ply yega yega inofanira kuputirwa uye kusimbiswa, magiredhi akareruka anokunda. Sarudzo iyoyo - kwete masvomhu - ndipo panogara kutonga kwechokwadi kweinjiniya.

Chinangwa	Kurongeka kumwe chete kwakanaka	Ukobvu hwakagadziriswa*	Kushandiswa kweResin*	Zvinyorwa
Panera rakatsetseka re 3 mm	3 × 450 g/m²	2.8–3.3 mm	2.7–3.4 kg/m²	Nzira inonyanya kufarirwa; bhora rimwe nerimwe rinosvika 1 mm
Chikamu chehuku che 6 mm	3 × 900 g/m² (kana 6 × 450)	5.6–6.7 mm	5.4–6.8 kg/m²	Mapundu matatu anorema anochengetedza basa; 6 × 450 inosimbisa zviri nani
Chigamba chekugadzirisa che 1.5 mm	450 + 225 g/m²	1.4–1.7 mm	1.4–1.7 kg/m²	Magiredhi akasiyana anokubvumira kuti ugadzirise zvinhu zvako pasina kunyanyisa

*Fungidziro dzakafanana nedzeTafura 1; simbisa uchishandisa makuponi ako akagadziriswa.

Zvikamu Zvishoma Zvinorema Kana Zvikamu Zvishoma Zvakareruka Here?

Kuchinjana kwacho kunofanirwa nechikamu chayo, nekuti kunosangana nedambudziko rinokwidza huwandu hwehukobvu: mhepo yakavharirwa.

"Kukora kwenhema" inzira yekukundikana chaiyo.Maburi madiki — maburi madiki emhepo anosara pakati pemafibre apo kunyorova kana kupeta kwaisakwana — anowedzera ukobvu hunoyerwa asi hapana kukosha kwechimiro. Chikamu chinogona kubva muforoma paukobvu hwakatarwa asi chikaramba chichishanda zvakanaka, nekuti papepa mafibre haasi kuita basa rinoratidzwa nehukobvu. Kuedza kwekuona kuri nyore uye kwakakodzera kudzidziswa laminator yega yega pa: CSM inonyorova zvakanaka inochinja kuita seyakajeka; chero chigamba chichena chingave girazi rakaoma kana mhepo yakavharirwa inoda kupeta isati yadzikiswa.

Zvidimbu zvakatetepa zvinobatana zviri nani.Ply yega yega ye300 g/m² inopa vhoriyamu shoma yefiber kuti roller ishande, saka kuvakwa kwe multi-ply kwakarongeka kunosvika kumagumo ehukobvu hwakaderera ne ma voids mashoma. Magiredhi akakura anowedzera njodzi: kukunguruka kushoma payuniti imwe neimwe yegirazi, uye ply yakanyorova, yakakora iri nyore kudyiwa nenzara panzvimbo inopindirana.

Asi ukobvu hunoita kuti kuomarara kuve kwakachekwa.Mumuenzaniso wakareruka wekukombama-kuoma, kuomarara kunoyera necube yeukobvu hwe laminate - chikamu chakatetepa ne10% pane zvakarongwa chinobvisa inenge 27% yekuomarara kwayo kwekukombama pamuenzaniso iwoyo. Ndokusaka kutsvaga ukobvu ne "more resin" kuri musungo: resin yakawedzerwa inowedzera ukobvu hwemuviri, asi resin inochinjika zvakanyanya kupfuura girazi, saka kuwedzera kwekuomarara hakuna kukwana uye mutoro wehuremu ndewechokwadi. Ukobvu hunofanira kubva pafayibha, kwete kubva mudziva re resin.

Uye laminate ine mat-only ine miganhu.Matavi akachekwa ane tambo dzakaita sedzinodziya uye ane resin yakawanda nemagadzirirwo awo — chikamu chidiki chete chefiber yawo chinoshanda munzira imwe chete, saka kana yakaenzana nehuremu haigone kuenzana nekufamba kwakarukwa kuti iwane simba rekutungamira. Matavi ndiwo mudziyo wakakodzera wekuita zvinoenderana, maitiro ekufamba netsoka uye ganda rakavharwa, rinodzivirira kutsemuka; kana dhizaini ichida simba rekutungamira pahuremu hushoma, matavi emate anowanzo batanidzwa nekufamba kwakarukwa pane kuunganidzwa chete.

Gadzirisa muNhanho Nhatu

Zvese zviri pamusoro apa zvinova zvinobatsira zvechokwadi kana wangotsiva mafungiro ako ega nechinhu chako chakayerwa. Zvinotora rimwe zuva masikati:

Nhanho	Zvekuita	Zvekurekodha
1	Rasa chipunu chidiki chine zvidimbu zviviri chemhando inozivikanwa (450 g/m² zviri nyore) neresin yako yekugadzira, yaunowanzo kutenderedza, patembiricha yechitoro chako.	Giredhi, resin system uye musanganiswa wehuwandu, tembiricha yechitoro
2	Mushure mekupora zvizere, yera ukobvu hwemapoinzi mashanu zvichikwira uchishandisa caliper kana micrometer; enzanisa ukobvu hwacho neavhareji.	Avhareji yeukobvu hweply, ukobvu hweply imwe yakacheneswa = (huwandu hwese − peel-ply/surface extras) ÷ 2
3	Govanisa huremu hwemat nehukuru hweply yako hwakayerwa kuti uwane yako conversion factor; dzokorora matafura ari pamusoro nayo.	Factor yako mu g/m² pa mm, uye resin yako inoshanda

Kubva ipapo zvichienda mberi, kuverengwa kwezvikamu zvehukobvu hutsva kunoshandisa chinhu chako, kwete chemutengesi. Kana ukazotanga kushandisa vacuum bagging kana infusion, shandisa coupon zvakare - kudzvanywa kunoshandiswa nemaitiro iwayo kunoreva kuti zvinhu zvinoisa maoko pamusoro pehukobvu.

Kuponi kubva padanho rekutanga ine hupenyu hwechipiri zvakare: bata sampuro yakanatswa pachiedza. Kuponi inopenya zvakaenzana inosimbisa nzira yako yekunyorova; nzvimbo dzine makore kana kuti dzine mukaka dzinoratidza panoshanda zvinodiwa pakumonera - pfungwa imwecheteyo yekuongorora yauchashandisa pazvikamu zvekugadzira.

Kuenzanisa hakusi chiitiko chenguva imwe chete. Mapoka eresin, tembiricha yechitoro mumwaka, uye kunyange kupfeka maroller zvese zvinosimudzira chiyero cheresin chinoshanda, saka kudzokorora kuponi pese painochinja shanduko - mutengesi mutsva weresin, kuchinja kubva muzhizha kuenda kuchando, boka idzva pamaroller - rinochengetedza chinhu ichi chakavimbika. Zvitoro zvinonyora factor yecoupon yega yega pamwe chete nezuva uye batch yeresin zvinovaka data diki rinoshandura gakava rehukobvu nevatengi kuita kutsvaga kwemaminetsi mashanu pachinzvimbo chekukakavadzana. Tsika iyi inodhura masikati rimwe chete pagore uye inosimbisa chinyararire vimbiso yega yega yehukobvu mubhuku reodha.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Rutivi rumwe rwemachira e450 gsm akachekwa rwakakora zvakadii?

Kurongeka kwechinhu kunenge 0.9–1.1 mm nemaoko, neresin:girazi riri pakati pe2:1 ne2.5:1. Makoshero akaverengerwa anoburitswa pachikamu che fiber vhoriyamu yakaderera akakwira zvishoma, pedyo ne1.15 mm. Mhinduro yechokwadi ndeye range, kwete poindi: era coupon imwe chete yakacheneswa pamutsetse wako wega uye uchava nenhamba iri nani pane chero chati.

Ndingavaka ukobvu hwangu hwese nemeti chete here?

Unogona, uye kana uri pazvikamu zvinopisa, zvakakombama kana zvakakosha paganda, unofanira kugara uchiita. Mutengo wacho ndewehuremu: mat laminates ane resin inopetwa kaviri kusvika kaviri nehafu yehuremu hwawo hwegirazi, saka chikamu chemat chete chinorema uye hachina kuoma kupfuura laminate yakarukwa ine ukobvu hwakafanana. Kune zvikamu zvechimiro uko kuomarara pakirogiramu kunokosha, siya mat ne roving yakarukwa panzvimbo pe stacking mat chete.

Ko laminate ine resin yakawanda inoreva laminate isina simba here?

Hazvirevi kuti zvinongoerekana zvaita — zvinoreva kuti pane kuenzana kwakasiyana. Girazi rinopa simba; resin inozadza, inovhara uye inosunga machira. Ma laminates emateti ane resin yakawanda nekuti chimiro chawo chisina kurongeka, chakakura chinoda resin kuti ivhare tambo yega yega, uye kana yagadziriswa zvinoenderana nemaforoma akaomarara, anodzivirira kudhindwa uye anogadzirisa zvakanaka. Nzira yekukundikana yekudzivisa haisi "yakapfuma" asi "isina chinhu": ma air pockets ndiwo anonyanya kushayisa simba laminate, ndosaka rolling discipline ichikosha kupfuura resin ratio pachayo.

Sarudza Magiredhi, Wobva Waratidza Kuti Zvacho Zviri Pamould Yako

Imwe tsika yekupedzisira yakakodzera kuchengetwa: pese panochinja dhizaini - ukobvu hwacho hwagadziriswazve, laminate inochinjirwa kune imwe resin - dzokorora kufungidzira usati waronga zvinhu, kwete mushure mezvo. Kuverengerwa kwezvikamu zvakachipa pakuverenga uye kunodhura kuwana zvisina kunaka pakati pekuronga.

Kuverenga ma layer kunoreva masvomhu kana zvawafungidzira zvasvika kwauri: fungidzira uchishandisa fomura kana tafura, tenderera kusvika kuma layer ese, wobva wagadzirisa coupon imwe chete wozosazombofungidzira zvakare. Chengetedza ma grade matete ema skins uye build-up yakanaka, ma grade akaremara e build-up e fast section pama open moulds, uye rega mienzaniso yakashanda pamusoro ive matemplate ako ekutanga.

Wagadzirira kusarudza mamakisi here?Tarisa Ruifiber's strand mat range — 100–900 g/m² muzvikamu zvipfumbamwe, upamhi kusvika 3300 mm — uye odha zvikamu zvemuenzaniso zvezvikamu zviviri kana zvitatu zvaunoda kuti uzvigadzirire:Mat yeFiberglass Yakachekwa neStrand (CSM)Kuti uwane katarogu yakazara, onaZvigadzirwa zveRuifiberKana uchiri kusarudza kuti mat inofanira kusanganiswa sei ne roving yakarukwa muchirongwa chako che laminate, tanga nekuenzanisa zvinhu kutanga - math arithmetic inongogadzirisa musanganiswa wawatosarudza.